Atomoxetine/Strattera

Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that works by increasing norepinephrine levels in the brain. Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter involved in attention, focus, and impulse control. Unlike stimulants, atomoxetine does not directly impact dopamine levels in the same way, making it less likely to cause dependency or abuse.

Atomoxetine is FDA-approved for the treatment of ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. It is also prescribed off-label for anxiety disorders and as an adjunct for depression.

• Inattention and difficulty focusing
• Impulsivity and poor self-control
• Hyperactivity and restlessness
• Difficulty completing tasks and staying organized
• Emotional dysregulation (to a lesser extent than stimulants)

Atomoxetine is a good option for individuals who do not tolerate stimulant medications or who have a history of substance abuse, as it does not have the same addictive potential as stimulant ADHD medications. However, it may take several weeks to show full effects, and some individuals respond better to stimulants.

Atomoxetine is often taken long-term for ADHD management. Unlike stimulants, which may be used on an as-needed basis, atomoxetine must be taken daily to be effective.

Studies show that atomoxetine is effective for reducing ADHD symptoms, though it is generally considered less effective than stimulant medications. However, its longer-lasting effects, non-addictive nature, and lower abuse potential make it a preferred option for some individuals.

Atomoxetine is not designed to alter personality, but it helps regulate focus, impulse control, and attention. Some people may experience emotional changes, especially when adjusting to the medication.

Common side effects include:

• Nausea and stomach pain
• Decreased appetite
• Fatigue or drowsiness
• Increased heart rate
• Insomnia

Rare but serious side effects:

• Increased risk of suicidal thoughts in children and adolescents
• Increased blood pressure
• Liver toxicity (very rare)

Atomoxetine does not typically cause withdrawal symptoms because it does not affect dopamine in the same way as stimulants. However, stopping suddenly may lead to a return of ADHD symptoms or mild discomfort.

Atomoxetine is classified as Pregnancy Category C, meaning that its safety in pregnancy is not well established. It is unknown whether it passes into breast milk, so caution is advised for breastfeeding mothers.

Atomoxetine is not considered addictive and does not have the same abuse potential as stimulant medications like Adderall or Ritalin.

The FDA has approved atomoxetine for ADHD treatment in both children and adults. It carries a black box warning about an increased risk of suicidal thoughts in children and adolescents and advises monitoring for mood or behavioral changes.